Health Minister Zarif reported that in 2022, 60% of HIV cases in Malaysia were transmitted through homosexual or bisexual relations, while 36% were transmitted through heterosexual relations. Young people aged 20 to 39 made up the majority of HIV patients, accounting for 77%.

She stated that Malaysia experiences an average of 3,000 new cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) each year, which poses a challenge to the country's commitment to eliminating AIDS by 2030.

Zarif noted that Malaysia had managed to reduce the number of new infections by up to 50% between 2000 and 2009. However, the rate of decline slowed to just 24% from 2010 to the present.

She continued by explaining that in Malaysia, individuals aged 20 to 39 account for 77% of HIV patients, with more than 90% being male. Nearly all (97%) of these infections are transmitted sexually.

Initially, the main risk factor for HIV infection was the sharing of syringes among drug users. However, since 2011, sexual transmission has become the primary mode of infection.

Zarif made these statements in a written response through Parliament to a question from Parit MP Muhammad Ismee about the current HIV situation and containment measures.

She emphasized that controlling the spread of HIV requires raising awareness among young people about risky behaviors to avoid, the importance of regular screening for high-risk groups, and early antiretroviral (ART) treatment for those infected.

The ministry’s initiatives include the Programme for an AIDS-free Youth (PROSTAR 2.0), which aims to raise HIV awareness among young people, and a self-screening program for individuals aged 18 and above in collaboration with the Malaysian AIDS Foundation (YAM).

“This self-screening test is primarily for teenagers who are reluctant to visit government screening centers,” she said.

Zarif also mentioned that the Ministry of Health has launched a one-year "PrEP Gov 2023" pilot study in 18 health clinics starting January this year. PrEP is a currently effective and scientifically proven drug that can prevent up to 99% of sexually transmitted HIV infections.

Additionally, the Ministry of Health collaborates with non-governmental organizations to conduct various health education activities, screening programs, referrals to health institutions, and to provide counseling and support to patients.